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<title>Development studies</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Development studies</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="Developmental_psychology" title="Developmental psychology">Developmental psychology</a>.</div>

<p><b>Development studies</b> is an <a href="Interdisciplinarity" title="Interdisciplinarity">interdisciplinary</a> branch of <a href="Social_science" title="Social science">social science</a>. Development studies is offered as a specialized master's degree in a number of reputed universities around the world. It has grown in popularity as a subject of study since the early 1990s, and has been most widely taught and researched in <a href="Developing_country" title="Developing country">developing countries</a> and countries with a <a href="Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonial history</a>, such as the <a href="UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a>, where the discipline originated.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students of development studies often choose careers in international organisations such as the <a href="United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, <a href="World_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>, <a href="Non-governmental_organisations" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-governmental organisations">non-governmental organisations</a> (NGOs), <a href="Media_(communication)" class="mw-redirect" title="Media (communication)">media</a> and <a href="Journalism" title="Journalism">journalism</a> houses, private sector development consultancy firms, <a href="Corporate_social_responsibility" title="Corporate social responsibility">corporate social responsibility</a> (CSR) bodies and research centers.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_bodies">Professional bodies</h2></div>

<p>Throughout the world, a number of professional bodies for development studies have been founded:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>: European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI)</li>

<li><a href="Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>: Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales (CLACSO)</li>

<li><a href="Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>: Asian Political and International Studies Association (APISA)</li>

<li><a href="Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) and Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA)</li>

<li><a href="Arabic_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic world">Arabic world</a>: Arab Institutes and Centers for Economic and Social Development Research (AICARDES)</li></ul>

<p>The common umbrella organisation of these association is the Inter-regional Coordinating Committee of Development Associations (ICCDA). In the <a href="UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a> and <a href="Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, the <a href="Development_Studies_Association" title="Development Studies Association">Development Studies Association</a> is a major source of information for research on and studying in development studies. Its mission is to connect and promote those working on development research.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disciplines_of_development_studies">Disciplines of development studies</h2></div>

<p>Development issues include:

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<ul><li><a href="Adult_education" title="Adult education">Adult education</a></li>

<li><a href="Area_studies" title="Area studies">Area studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Anthropology" title="Anthropology">Anthropology</a></li>

<li><a href="Community_development" title="Community development">Community development</a></li>

<li><a href="Demography" title="Demography">Demography</a></li>

<li><a href="Development_aid" title="Development aid">Development aid</a></li>

<li><a href="Development_communication" title="Development communication">Development communication</a></li>

<li><a href="Development_theory" title="Development theory">Development theory</a></li>

<li><a href="Development_finance" title="Development finance">Development finance</a></li>

<li><a href="Diaspora_studies" title="Diaspora studies">Diaspora studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Ecology" title="Ecology">Ecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Economic_development" title="Economic development">Economic development</a></li>

<li><a href="Economic_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic History">Economic History</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_studies" title="Environmental studies">Environmental studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Geography" title="Geography">Geography</a></li>

<li><a href="Gender_studies" title="Gender studies">Gender studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Governance" title="Governance">Governance</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_economic_thought" title="History of economic thought">History of economic thought</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_rights" title="Human rights">Human rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_security" title="Human security">Human security</a></li>

<li><a href="Indigenous_rights" title="Indigenous rights">Indigenous rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Industrial_relations" title="Industrial relations">Industrial relations</a></li>

<li><a href="Industrialization" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrialization">Industrialization</a></li>

<li><a href="International_business" title="International business">International business</a></li>

<li><a href="International_development" title="International development">International development</a></li>

<li><a href="International_relations" title="International relations">International relations</a></li>

<li><a href="Journalism" title="Journalism">Journalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Media_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Media Studies">Media Studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Migration_studies" title="Migration studies">Migration studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Partnership" title="Partnership">Partnership</a></li>

<li><a href="Peace_and_conflict_studies" title="Peace and conflict studies">Peace and conflict studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Pedagogy" title="Pedagogy">Pedagogy</a></li>

<li><a href="Philosophy" title="Philosophy">Philosophy</a></li>

<li><a href="Political_philosophy" title="Political philosophy">Political philosophy</a></li>

<li><a href="Population_studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Population studies">Population studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Postcolonialism" title="Postcolonialism">Postcolonialism</a></li>

<li><a href="Psychology" title="Psychology">Psychology</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_administration" title="Public administration">Public administration</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_health" title="Public health">Public health</a></li>

<li><a href="Rural_development" title="Rural development">Rural development</a></li>

<li><a href="Queer_studies" title="Queer studies">Queer studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Sociology" title="Sociology">Sociology</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_policy" title="Social policy">Social policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_development_theory" title="Social development theory">Social development</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_work" title="Social work">Social work</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_development" title="Sustainable development">Sustainable development</a></li>

<li><a href="Urban_studies" title="Urban studies">Urban studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Women's_studies" title="Women's studies">Women's studies</a></li></ul>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>The emergence of development studies as an academic discipline in the second half of the twentieth century is in large part due to increasing concern about economic prospects for the <a href="Third_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Third world">third world</a> after <a href="Decolonisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Decolonisation">decolonisation</a>. In the immediate post-war period, <a href="Development_economics" title="Development economics">development economics</a>, a branch of <a href="Economics" title="Economics">economics</a>, arose out of previous studies in colonial economics. By the 1960s, an increasing number of development economists felt that economics alone could not fully address issues such as political effectiveness and educational provision.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Development studies arose as a result of this, initially aiming to integrate ideas of <a href="Politics" title="Politics">politics</a> and economics. Since then, it has become an increasingly inter- and multi-disciplinary subject, encompassing <a href="#Disciplines_of_development_studies">a variety of social scientific fields</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years the use of political economy analysis- the application of the analytical techniques of economics- to try and assess and explain political and social factors that either enhance or limit development has become increasingly widespread as a way of explaining the success or failure of reform processes. The era of modern development is commonly deemed to have commenced with the <a href="Harry_S._Truman's_1949_inaugural_address" title="Harry S. Truman's 1949 inaugural address">inauguration speech</a> of <a href="Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> in 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Point Four of his speech, with reference to Latin America and other poor nations, he said:

</p>

<blockquote><p>More than half the people of the world are living in conditions approaching misery. Their food is inadequate. They are victims of disease. Their economic life is primitive and stagnant. Their poverty is a handicap and a threat both to them and to more prosperous areas. For the first time in history, humanity possesses the knowledge and the skill to relieve the suffering of these people.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote>

<p>But development studies has since also taken an interest in lessons of past development experiences of Western countries. More recently, the emergence of <a href="Human_security" title="Human security">human security</a> – a new, people-oriented approach to understanding and addressing <a href="International_security" title="International security">global security</a> threats – has led to a growing recognition of a relationship between security and development. Human security argues that inequalities and insecurity in one state or region have consequences for global security and that it is thus in the interest of all states to address underlying development issues. This relationship with studies of human security is but one example of the interdisciplinary nature of development studies.

</p><p>Global Research cooperation between researchers from countries in the <a href="Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">Global North and the Global South</a>, so called <a href="North-South_research_partnerships" class="mw-redirect" title="North-South research partnerships">North-south research partnerships</a>, allow development studies to consider more diverse perspectives on development studies and other strongly <a href="Value_(ethics_and_social_sciences)" class="mw-redirect" title="Value (ethics and social sciences)">value</a> driven issues. Thus, it can contribute new findings to the field of research.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Global_South_Development_Magazine" title="Global South Development Magazine">Global South Development Magazine</a></li>

<li><a href="Colonization" title="Colonization">Colonization</a></li>

<li><a href="Community_development" title="Community development">Community development</a></li>

<li><a href="Development_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Development (disambiguation)">Development (disambiguation)</a></li>

<li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Development_Cooperation_Handbook/Issues" class="extiw external" title="b:Development Cooperation Handbook/Issues">Development Cooperation Issues</a> <span typeof="mw:File"></span></li>

<li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Development_Cooperation_Handbook/Stories" class="extiw external" title="b:Development Cooperation Handbook/Stories">Development Cooperation Stories</a> <span typeof="mw:File"></span></li>

<li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Development_Cooperation_Handbook/Testimonials" class="extiw external" title="b:Development Cooperation Handbook/Testimonials">Development Cooperation Testimonials</a> <span typeof="mw:File"></span></li>

<li><a href="Economic_development" title="Economic development">Economic development</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_rights" title="Human rights">Human rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_security" title="Human security">Human security</a></li>

<li><a href="Industrialization" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrialization">Industrialization</a></li>

<li><a href="International_development" title="International development">International development</a></li>

<li><a href="North-South_research_partnerships" class="mw-redirect" title="North-South research partnerships">North-South research partnerships</a></li>

<li><a href="Postdevelopment_theory" title="Postdevelopment theory">Postdevelopment theory</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_development" title="Right to development">Right to development</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_development_theory" title="Social development theory">Social development</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_work" title="Social work">Social work</a></li>

<li><a href="Sustainable_development" title="Sustainable development">Sustainable development</a></li>

<li><a href="World-systems_theory" title="World-systems theory">World-systems theory</a></li></ul>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kothari, U. (ed), <i>A Radical History of Development Studies: Individuals, Institutions and Ideologies</i> – but see <i>The Journal of Peasant Studies</i> 34/1 (2007) for an alternative view.</span>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221708/http://www.iccda.net/about.html">"About ICCDA"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iccda.net/about.html">the original</a> on 2016-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kothari, U. (ed), <i>A Radical History of Development Studies: Individuals, Institutions and Ideologies</i></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Abbott, Lewis F. (2003) <i>Theories of Industrial Modernization and Enterprise Development: A Review</i>. ISR/Google Books, Second revised edition <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-906321-26-3</bdi></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rist, G., <i>The History of Development: From Western Origins to Global Faith</i></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313195517/http://www.inaugural.senate.gov/swearing-in/address/address-by-harry-s-truman-1949">"Address by Harry S. Truman, 1949"</a>. <i>Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inaugural.senate.gov/swearing-in/address/address-by-harry-s-truman-1949">the original</a> on 2016-03-13.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHofmänner,_Alexandra2021" class="citation journal cs1">Hofmänner, Alexandra (2021-02-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/4309902">"A short history of the KFPE 1994-2019"</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5281%2Fzenodo.4309902">10.5281/zenodo.4309902</a>.</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (help)</span></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li>Breuer, Martin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/cias/wiki/d_Development.html">"Development"</a> (2015). University Bielefeld: Center for InterAmerican Studies.</li>

<li>Pradella, Lucia and Marois, Thomas, eds. (2015) Polarizing Development: Alternatives to Neoliberalism and the Crisis. Pluto Press.</li>

<li>Sachs, Wolfgang, ed. (1992) The Development Dictionary: A Guide to Knowledge as Power. Zed Books.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsdmagazine.org">Global South Development Magazine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wellesley.edu/Polisci/wj/DevelopmentLinks/development-links.htm">Development Studies Internet Resources</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110702003021/http://www.studying-development.org/">Studying Development – International Development Studies course directory</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Social_sciences310" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Social_science" title="Social science">Social sciences</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Outline_of_social_science" title="Outline of social science">Outline</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_social_sciences" title="History of the social sciences">History</a></li>

<li><a href="Index_of_sociology_articles" title="Index of sociology articles">Index</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anthropology" title="Anthropology">Anthropology</a>

<ul><li><a href="Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeology</a></li>

<li><a href="Cultural_anthropology" title="Cultural anthropology">cultural</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_anthropology" title="Social anthropology">social</a></li>

<li><a href="Physical_anthropology" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical anthropology">physical</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Economics" title="Economics">Economics</a>

<ul><li><a href="Microeconomics" title="Microeconomics">microeconomics</a></li>

<li><a href="Macroeconomics" title="Macroeconomics">macroeconomics</a></li>

<li><a href="Econometrics" title="Econometrics">econometrics</a></li>

<li><a href="Mathematical_economics" title="Mathematical economics">mathematical</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Geography" title="Geography">Geography</a>

<ul><li><a href="Physical_geography" title="Physical geography">physical</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_geography" title="Human geography">human</a></li>

<li><a href="Technical_geography" title="Technical geography">technical</a></li>

<li><a href="Integrated_geography" title="Integrated geography">integrated</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="History" title="History">History</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cultural_history" title="Cultural history">cultural</a></li>

<li><a href="Auxiliary_sciences_of_history" title="Auxiliary sciences of history">auxiliary sciences</a></li>

<li><a href="Economic_history" title="Economic history">economic</a></li>

<li><a href="World_history_(field)" title="World history (field)">human</a></li>

<li><a href="Military_history" title="Military history">military</a></li>

<li><a href="Political_history" title="Political history">political</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_history" title="Social history">social</a></li></ul></li>

<ul><li><a href="Jurisprudence" title="Jurisprudence">jurisprudence</a></li>

<li><a href="Legal_history" title="Legal history">legal history</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_national_legal_systems" title="List of national legal systems">legal systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_law" title="Public law">public law</a></li>

<li><a href="Private_law" title="Private law">private law</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Linguistics" title="Linguistics">Linguistics</a>

<ul><li><a href="Semiotics" title="Semiotics">semiotics</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Political_science" title="Political science">Political science</a>

<ul><li><a href="International_relations" title="International relations">international relations</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparative_politics" title="Comparative politics">comparative</a></li>

<li><a href="Political_philosophy" title="Political philosophy">philosophy</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_policy" title="Public policy">public policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_administration" title="Public administration">public administration</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Psychology" title="Psychology">Psychology</a>

<ul><li><a href="Abnormal_psychology" title="Abnormal psychology">abnormal</a></li>

<li><a href="Cognitive_psychology" title="Cognitive psychology">cognitive</a></li>

<li><a href="Developmental_psychology" title="Developmental psychology">developmental</a></li>

<li><a href="Personality_psychology" title="Personality psychology">personality</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_psychology" title="Social psychology">social</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sociology" title="Sociology">Sociology</a>

<ul><li><a href="Criminology" title="Criminology">criminology</a></li>

<li><a href="Demography" title="Demography">demography</a></li>

<li><a href="Sociology_of_the_Internet" title="Sociology of the Internet">internet</a></li>

<li><a href="Rural_sociology" title="Rural sociology">rural</a></li>

<li><a href="Urban_sociology" title="Urban sociology">urban</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interdisciplinary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Administration

<ul><li><a href="Business_administration" title="Business administration">business</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_administration" title="Public administration">public</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Anthrozoology" title="Anthrozoology">Anthrozoology</a></li>

<li><a href="Area_studies" title="Area studies">Area studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Business_studies" title="Business studies">Business studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Cognitive_science" title="Cognitive science">Cognitive science</a></li>

<li><a href="Communication_studies" title="Communication studies">Communication studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Community_studies" title="Community studies">Community studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Criminology" title="Criminology">Criminology</a></li>

<li><a href="Critical_animal_studies" title="Critical animal studies">Critical animal studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Cultural_studies" title="Cultural studies">Cultural studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Education" title="Education">Education</a></li>

<li>Environmental

<ul><li><a href="Environmental_social_science" title="Environmental social science">social science</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_studies" title="Environmental studies">studies</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Food_studies" title="Food studies">Food studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Gender_studies" title="Gender studies">Gender studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Global_studies" title="Global studies">Global studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Historical_sociology" title="Historical sociology">Historical sociology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_technology" title="History of technology">History of technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_ecology" title="Human ecology">Human ecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Information_science" title="Information science">Information science</a></li>

<li><a href="International_relations" title="International relations">International studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Linguistics" title="Linguistics">Linguistics</a></li>

<li><a href="Management" title="Management">Management</a></li>

<li><a href="Media_studies" title="Media studies">Media studies</a></li>

<li>Philosophies

<ul><li><a href="Philosophy_of_science" title="Philosophy of science">science</a></li>

<li><a href="Philosophy_and_economics" title="Philosophy and economics"> economics</a></li>

<li><a href="Philosophy_of_history" title="Philosophy of history">history</a></li>

<li><a href="Philosophy_of_psychology" title="Philosophy of psychology">psychology</a></li>

<li><a href="Philosophy_of_social_science" title="Philosophy of social science">social science</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Planning

<li><a href="Regional_planning" title="Regional planning">regional</a></li>

<li><a href="Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">urban</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Political_ecology" title="Political ecology">Political ecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Political_economy" title="Political economy">Political economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Political_sociology" title="Political sociology">Political sociology</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_health" title="Public health">Public health</a></li>

<li><a href="Regional_science" title="Regional science">Regional science</a></li>

<li><a href="Science_and_technology_studies" title="Science and technology studies">Science and technology studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Science_studies" title="Science studies">Science studies</a>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_science" title="History of science">historical</a></li>

<li><a href="Quantum_social_science" title="Quantum social science">Quantum social science</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Social_work" title="Social work">Social work</a></li>

<li><a href="Vegan_studies" title="Vegan studies">Vegan studies</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">List</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_social_science_journals" title="List of social science journals">List of social science journals</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other categorizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Behavioural_sciences" title="Behavioural sciences">Behavioural sciences</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Geisteswissenschaft" title="Geisteswissenschaft">Geisteswissenschaft</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Human_science" title="Human science">Human science</a></li>

<li><a href="Humanities" title="Humanities">Humanities</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-05-21" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Development_studies&oldid=1291479284">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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